ML from scratch, minus the hand-waving
A NumPy-only educational repo that actually implements the algorithms it teaches, with optional TensorFlow and PyTorch backends for neural nets and SVMs.

What it does
This is a collection of machine learning algorithms built on raw NumPy, aimed at people who want to see how things work under the hood. The author also wired up TensorFlow and PyTorch backends for the neural network and SVM modules, so you can compare the from-scratch version against production frameworks.
The interesting bit
Most “ML from scratch” repos stop at linear regression and call it a day. This one goes deeper into neural networks and SVMs, and the dual-backend setup lets you verify your NumPy implementation against battle-tested code. The author later distilled it into a cleaner package, carefree-ml, which suggests this repo served as a genuine proving ground.
Key highlights
- Pure NumPy implementations for educational clarity
- TensorFlow and PyTorch backends for NN and SVM modules
- Documentation lives on Zhihu and a personal blog (Chinese-language)
- 1,094 stars, suggesting it found an audience
- Active successor project implies this repo is effectively archived
Caveats
- Last meaningful update appears to be the 2020 pointer to
carefree-ml - Documentation is off-platform and not in English
- README is sparse; you’ll need to dig into the notebooks to see what’s actually implemented
Verdict
Good for learners who want to read NumPy implementations of NNs and SVMs side-by-side with framework versions. Skip if you need maintained code or English documentation; the successor carefree-ml is probably the better bet for actual use.